batho



"fmomoaem W. I'. BATHO. y BSIGLININ'G EUR OPEN HEAETH STEEL AND IRON EURNAUES. N0. 339,360.

Patented Ap1. 6 1886.

Qi-Q5@ s@ @11 llniifnn Stains etant? @stima VILLIM F. BATHO, OF VSTBIINSTEB, COUNTY OF MIDDLESEX, ENGLAND.

BASIC LlNlNG FOR OPEN-HEARTl-l STEEL AND IRON FURNACES.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters PatentV No. 339,360; dated April 5, 1885. Application tiledOctohcr l2, i885.44 Serial No. 179,604. (No model.) Patented in England February 26, 1884, No. 3,921'; in France a May 31,1884, No. 162,495; in Belgium June 3, 1884, No. 65,370; E16, 1885, No. 52,126.

T0 all 10h/omit may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM FOTHERGILL BATHO, a subject of the .Queen of Great Brit# ain, residing at Westmiuster, in the county of Middlesemngland, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Basic Linings for Opren- Hearth Steel aindIron Furnaces; (for which I have obtained Patents in Great Britain, No. 3,921,Fehruary26,1884;inFranc'e,No.162,496, May 31,1884; in Belgium, No.' 65,370, .lune 3, 1884; in Germany, No. 29,488, June 5, 1884; and in Austria-Hungary, No."2,126, May 26, 1885, and no Where else,) ot which the follow-v ing is a specification.

Basic linings for'open-hearth steel and iron furnaces, as prepared and applied heretofore, have had materialI disadvantages, and by crumbling, tlnxing, and shelling such linings have lasted much less time than is desirable, or should be the case foreconomical working. It has been proposed to add to the basic ma1 terial oxide of iron, alumina, silica, and other agents with the Aobject of strengthening the lining. Vhen, however, sufficient of thesaid agents is used tol cause the lining lto tlux to any depth, it is apt to and does flux too much and melts down, whereas a smaller quantity of the said agents in admixture causes the surface to crumble or-fall away in shells.

3c Now the object of my invention is to provide basic linings for open-hearth steel and iron furnaces .which shall last `longer than any hitherto used, and hence will, in the same furnace insure the productionof steel and iron at a material reduction in cost. l The invention consists, essentially, in making basic linings for open-hearth and other steel and iron furnaces o f an Oxi'de'of calcium, magnesium, barium, orV strontium, or an ad. mixture of these combined with comparatively` finely-divided metallic steel or iron in such manner that the particles of steel or iron come up to and forni part'of the Wearing-surface in quantity sufficient to form the necessary iiux, and yet serve as a bond to the basic material.,y

In carrying my invention into practice, lime or other base or basic admixtu're is burned and.

shrunk in any known suitable way, is afterward reducedco a more or less vnely-,divided condiin Germany June 5, 1884, No. 29,48.'and in lustrmllungary May tion, and is applied in the lfurnace with steel or iron Wire cuttings, by preference twisted or bent, Well mixed among the mass. Thesteel or iron'wire Acuttings come to the surface so as to produce duringworking a glaze or skin which by oxidation enhances the life ofthe lining. The wire acts also as a mechanical means of holding the lining material together. About ten per cent. of tine steel or iron Wire cutinto lengths offrom onehalf an inch to one and one half inch .mixed with the base is found to answer well, more particularly so when uniformly mixed or arranged.

I am aware it has been proposed to bind basic linings to fnrnaceframes byA metal locking-pieces; but such arrangement falls far short of the double advantage ot' protecting lthe surface and providing a mechanical bond throughout; also, that it has been'proposed to Water, or other binding material, for convenience in transportation and remelting; also, that it has-been proposed to make crucible casts'teel of a batch consisting of granulated iron; also, that it has been proposed to make a fettling or x for puddlingffurnaces composed of equal parts of mill-cinder, hammerslag, and cast-iron, burned togetherin any suitable manner. I claim none of tliesethinvgs, .because theyv are not lime-linings, and do not have the functions of and are incapable of use as lime-linings; nor is the'metallic iron in the -above instances combined with the other i ngreclients for the same purpose asl conibineit with the basic materials with which I use it. By the use of the term .lim'e7 in the claims I mean to include not only oxide of calcium, but

Vadmintiire of the same, or' their equivalents.

YIt will be evident that there are many methcon-guration anddisposition of the metal will suggest themselves to practical men, but those shown in the drawings are sufficientA to allow mold iron borings 'into bricks with lime and castiron,iron ore, and small pieces otwrought' ods of carrying my invention into practice,'

also magnesium, barium, and strontium, or an y of the invention being carried into practice both as `:regardsconvenience to users and snitability of .forms of tained.

, Inall the vvijeivsthe same letters de note equiv@ aient parts. u, surface of lining; 1 body of 1inf ing; c, iron mixed with lining.

In Figure l the basic material is intimately mixed with turnings, short eroppings of wire, Y In Fig.f

or like smallpieees ofsteel or iron. 2 thebase is mixed with and held together by metallic steel oriron wire twisted into serpentine forms placed lengthwise; In Fig. 3 involnte coils of steel or iroiiwireare used. -In Fig. 4 Wiretwisted helically is used. In Fig.

5-helices vof Wire are interlaced. In Fig. '6' helices of Wire are crossed. In Fig. 7 matted orinterlaced lengths of Wire are nse'd.

scrap or meta-l casily'ob-y Fig. Sis a cross-section of. the hearthlofa steel-furnaee provided with my improved linlime lining 'containing pieces -off metallic irjon or steel .admixedtherewith, substantially as and for the purposes described.

:2. A basic lining for metallurgical furnaces,v i"

composed of lime admixed with pieeesof metallic iron or steel, snbstantially'as and `for the purposes described.'

W. n BATLro.

, lV-it-nesses WM. T-Hos. MARSHALL,- EDMUND S. 4SNEWIN. 

